The Vikings had nowhere to turn but the sea.
Their home, the ragged west coast of Norway with its deep fjords, sheer cliffs, and countless islands, is unsuitable for farming.
And so, the Norsemen developed newfangled longships and sophisticated navigation techniques.
These advancements enabled them to expand and dominate their world. They raided and colonized northwestern Europe, including parts of Scotland, Ireland, Wales, England, Iceland, France, Spain, Portugal, Italy, Russia, and Newfoundland in North America.
Over the centuries, their influence waned as other empires rose. Today, the Kingdom of Norway is slightly larger than New Mexico with a population of over five million.
Again, however, the sea has provided Norway with a pathway to wealth.
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